Nightingalehttps://cying.org/note/Recent content on NightingaleHugoen-us<link>https://cying.org/note/2024-07-09-calculation-in-epidemiology/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://cying.org/note/2024-07-09-calculation-in-epidemiology/</guid><description><!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes"> <meta name="generator" content="litedown 0.7"> <title>Calculations in Epidemiology</title> <style type="text/css"> body { font-family: sans-serif; max-width: 800px; margin: auto; padding: 1em; line-height: 1.5; print-color-adjust: exact; -webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; } body, .abstract, code, .footnotes, footer, #refs, .caption { font-size: .9em; } li li { font-size: .95em; } ul:has(li > input[type="checkbox"]) { list-style: none; padding-left: 1em; } *, :before, :after { box-sizing: border-box; } a { color: steelblue; } pre, img { max-width: 100%; } pre { white-space: pre-wrap; 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} .cross-ref-tab::before, .ref-number-tab::before { content: "Table "; } .cross-ref-eqn::before, .MathJax_ref:has(mjx-mtext > mjx-c + mjx-c)::before { content: "Equation "; } .abstract, #refs { &::before { display: block; margin: 1em auto; font-weight: bold; } } .abstract::before { content: "Abstract"; text-align: center; } #refs::before { content: "Bibliography"; font-size: 1.5em; } .ref-paren-open::before { content: "("; } .ref-paren-close::after { content: ")"; } .ref-semicolon::after { content: "; "; } .ref-and::after { content: " and "; } .ref-et-al::after { content: " et al."; font-style: italic; } .footnote-ref a { &::before { content: "["; } &::after { content: "]"; } } section.footnotes { margin-top: 2em; &::before { content: ""; display: block; max-width: 20em; } } .fade { background: repeating-linear-gradient(135deg, white, white 30px, #ddd 32px, #ddd 32px); opacity: 0.6; } @media print { body { max-width: 100%; } tr, img { break-inside: avoid; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 992px) { body:not(.pagesjs) pre:has(.line-numbers):not(:hover) { white-space: pre; } } </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.16.22/dist/katex.min.css"> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/combine/npm/katex@0.16.22/dist/katex.min.js,npm/katex@0.16.22/dist/contrib/auto-render.min.js" defer></script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@xiee/utils@1.14.14/js/render-katex.min.js" defer></script> </head> <body> <div class="frontmatter"> <div class="title"><h1>Calculations in Epidemiology</h1></div> <div class="date"><h3>2025-09-15</h3></div> </div> <div class="body"> <h2 id="sec:sample-size-calculation">样本量估算 (Sample Size Calculation)</h2> <p>无论是队列研究 (cohort study)、病例对照研究 (case-control study) 还是实验性研究 (experimental study)，在设计阶段都需要进行样本量估算。分类变量的样本量估算有一个通用的基本公式。</p></description></item><item><title/><link>https://cying.org/note/2025-02-02-statistics/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://cying.org/note/2025-02-02-statistics/</guid><description><!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes"> <meta name="generator" content="litedown 0.9"> <title>Health/Economic Statistics</title> <style type="text/css"> body { font-family: sans-serif; max-width: 800px; margin: auto; padding: 1em; line-height: 1.5; print-color-adjust: exact; -webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; } body, .abstract, code, .footnotes, footer, #refs, .caption { font-size: .9em; } li li { font-size: .95em; } ul:has(li > input[type="checkbox"]) { list-style: none; padding-left: 1em; } *, :before, :after { box-sizing: border-box; } a { color: steelblue; } pre, img { max-width: 100%; } pre { white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-word; } pre code { display: block; padding: 1em; overflow-x: auto; } code { font-family: 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Droid Sans Mono', 'Lucida Console', Consolas, Monaco, monospace; } :not(pre, th) > code, code[class], div > .caption { background: #f8f8f8; } pre > code:is(:not([class]), .language-plain, .language-none, .plain), .box, .figure, .table { background: inherit; border: 1px solid #eee; } pre > code { &.message { border-color: #9eeaf9; } &.warning { background: #fff3cd; border-color: #fff3cd; } &.error { background: #f8d7da; border-color: #f8d7da; } } .fenced-chunk { border-left: 1px solid #666; } .code-fence { opacity: .4; border: 1px dashed #666; border-left: 2px solid; &:hover { opacity: inherit; } } .box, .figure, .table, table { margin: 1em auto; } div > .caption { padding: 1px 1em; } .figure { p:has(img, svg), pre:has(svg) { text-align: center; } } .flex-col { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; } table { &:only-child:not(.table > *) { margin: auto; } th, td { padding: 5px; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; } thead, tfoot, tr:nth-child(even) { background: whitesmoke; } thead th { border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd; } &:not(.datatable-table) { border-top: 1px solid #666; border-bottom: 1px solid #666; } } blockquote { color: #666; margin: 0; padding: 1px 1em; border-left: .5em solid #eee; } hr, .footnotes::before { border: 1px dashed #ddd; } .frontmatter { text-align: center; } #TOC { a { text-decoration: none; } ul { list-style: none; padding-left: 1em; } & > ul { padding: 0; } ul ul { border-left: 1px solid lightsteelblue; } } .body h2 { border-bottom: 1px solid #666; } .body .appendix, .appendix ~ h2 { border-bottom-style: dashed; } .main-number::after { content: "."; } span[class^="ref-number-"] { font-weight: bold; } .ref-number-fig::after, .ref-number-tab::after { content: ":"; } .cross-ref-chp::before { content: "Chapter "; } .cross-ref-sec::before { content: "Section "; } .cross-ref-fig::before, .ref-number-fig::before { content: "Figure "; } .cross-ref-tab::before, .ref-number-tab::before { content: "Table "; } .cross-ref-eqn::before, .MathJax_ref:has(mjx-mtext > mjx-c + mjx-c)::before { content: "Equation "; } .abstract, #refs { &::before { display: block; margin: 1em auto; font-weight: bold; } } .abstract::before { content: "Abstract"; text-align: center; } #refs::before { content: "Bibliography"; font-size: 1.5em; } .ref-paren-open::before { content: "("; } .ref-paren-close::after { content: ")"; } .ref-semicolon::after { content: "; "; } .ref-and::after { content: " and "; } .ref-et-al::after { content: " et al."; font-style: italic; } .footnote-ref a { &::before { content: "["; } &::after { content: "]"; } } section.footnotes { margin-top: 2em; &::before { content: ""; display: block; max-width: 20em; } } .fade { background: repeating-linear-gradient(135deg, white, white 30px, #ddd 32px, #ddd 32px); opacity: 0.6; } @media print { body { max-width: 100%; } tr, img { break-inside: avoid; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 992px) { body:not(.pagesjs) pre:has(.line-numbers):not(:hover) { white-space: pre; } } </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.16.47/dist/katex.min.css"> </head> <body> <div class="frontmatter"> <div class="title"><h1>Health/Economic Statistics</h1></div> <div class="date"><h3><code>r Sys.Date()</code></h3></div> </div> <div class="body"> <p>━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ REVIEW SUMMARY ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ Overall: Comprehensive and largely accurate. Four formula errors found.</p></description></item><item><title/><link>https://cying.org/note/2025-09-02-introduction-to-linear-algebra/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://cying.org/note/2025-09-02-introduction-to-linear-algebra/</guid><description><!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes"> <meta name="generator" content="litedown 0.7"> <title>Introduction to linear algebra</title> <style type="text/css"> body { font-family: sans-serif; max-width: 800px; margin: auto; padding: 1em; line-height: 1.5; print-color-adjust: exact; -webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; } body, .abstract, code, .footnotes, footer, #refs, .caption { font-size: .9em; } li li { font-size: .95em; } ul:has(li > input[type="checkbox"]) { list-style: none; padding-left: 1em; } *, :before, :after { box-sizing: border-box; } a { color: steelblue; } pre, img { max-width: 100%; } pre { white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-word; } pre code { display: block; padding: 1em; overflow-x: auto; } code { font-family: 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Droid Sans Mono', 'Lucida Console', Consolas, Monaco, monospace; } :not(pre, th) > code, code[class], div > .caption { background: #f8f8f8; } pre > code:is(:not([class]), .language-plain, .language-none, .plain), .box, .figure, .table { background: inherit; border: 1px solid #eee; } pre > code { &.message { border-color: #9eeaf9; } &.warning { background: #fff3cd; border-color: #fff3cd; } &.error { background: #f8d7da; border-color: #f8d7da; } } .fenced-chunk { border-left: 1px solid #666; } .code-fence { opacity: .4; border: 1px dashed #666; border-left: 2px solid; &:hover { opacity: inherit; } } .box, .figure, .table, table { margin: 1em auto; } div > .caption { padding: 1px 1em; } .figure { p:has(img, svg), pre:has(svg) { text-align: center; } } .flex-col { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; } table { &:only-child:not(.table > *) { margin: auto; } th, td { padding: 5px; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; } thead, tfoot, tr:nth-child(even) { background: whitesmoke; } thead th { border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd; } &:not(.datatable-table) { border-top: 1px solid #666; border-bottom: 1px solid #666; } } blockquote { color: #666; margin: 0; padding: 1px 1em; border-left: .5em solid #eee; } hr, .footnotes::before { border: 1px dashed #ddd; } .frontmatter { text-align: center; } #TOC { a { text-decoration: none; } ul { list-style: none; padding-left: 1em; } & > ul { padding: 0; } ul ul { border-left: 1px solid lightsteelblue; } } .body h2 { border-bottom: 1px solid #666; } .body .appendix, .appendix ~ h2 { border-bottom-style: dashed; } .main-number::after { content: "."; } span[class^="ref-number-"] { font-weight: bold; } .ref-number-fig::after, .ref-number-tab::after { content: ":"; } .cross-ref-chp::before { content: "Chapter "; } .cross-ref-sec::before { content: "Section "; } .cross-ref-fig::before, .ref-number-fig::before { content: "Figure "; } .cross-ref-tab::before, .ref-number-tab::before { content: "Table "; } .cross-ref-eqn::before, .MathJax_ref:has(mjx-mtext > mjx-c + mjx-c)::before { content: "Equation "; } .abstract, #refs { &::before { display: block; margin: 1em auto; font-weight: bold; } } .abstract::before { content: "Abstract"; text-align: center; } #refs::before { content: "Bibliography"; font-size: 1.5em; } .ref-paren-open::before { content: "("; } .ref-paren-close::after { content: ")"; } .ref-semicolon::after { content: "; "; } .ref-and::after { content: " and "; } .ref-et-al::after { content: " et al."; font-style: italic; } .footnote-ref a { &::before { content: "["; } &::after { content: "]"; } } section.footnotes { margin-top: 2em; &::before { content: ""; display: block; max-width: 20em; } } .fade { background: repeating-linear-gradient(135deg, white, white 30px, #ddd 32px, #ddd 32px); opacity: 0.6; } @media print { body { max-width: 100%; } tr, img { break-inside: avoid; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 992px) { body:not(.pagesjs) pre:has(.line-numbers):not(:hover) { white-space: pre; } } </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.16.22/dist/katex.min.css"> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/combine/npm/katex@0.16.22/dist/katex.min.js,npm/katex@0.16.22/dist/contrib/auto-render.min.js" defer></script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@xiee/utils@1.14.14/js/render-katex.min.js" defer></script> </head> <body> <div class="frontmatter"> <div class="title"><h1>Introduction to linear algebra</h1></div> </div> <div class="body"> <h1 id="chp:_1">前言</h1> <p>下面的内容摘抄自一篇<a href="https://www.zhihu.com/question/311724817/answer/695067704">知乎回答</a>。整篇笔记主要参考了该<a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/45707832">笔记</a>的内容。</p></description></item></channel></rss>